1·The analyses of composition of urinary calculi can provide significant on the clinical diagnosis and treatment reference to the cause of lithiasis and the prevention of recurrence.
对泌尿系结石的组成进行结构分析，为分析结石病的产生原因及预防复发提供参考，在临床诊断和治疗上具有重要意义。
2·Objective To evaluate the clinical application of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL) in the treatment of acute ureteral lithiasis.
目的总结体外冲击波碎石术治疗急诊输尿管结石的经验，评价其应用价值。
3·Objective to Explore the value of oral castor oil in diagnosis and treatment of ureteral lithiasis.
目的探讨口服蓖麻油在输尿管结石诊断及治疗中的价值。
4·ObjectiveTo investigate reasonable operative model and timing of biliary lithiasis of patients with gallstone pancreatitis (GP).
目的探讨胆源性胰腺炎（GP）病人胆道结石的处理方式和时机。
5·Objective:To investigate the safety and feasibility of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) technique for renal malrotation with lithiasis.
目的：探讨经皮肾穿刺造瘘碎石术（PCNL）对肾脏旋转不良并发结石的疗效。