catastrophe
大灾难
常用释义
英音[ kəˈtæstrəfi ]
美音[ kəˈtæstrəfi ]
变形
复数:
catastrophes
基本释义
- n. 灾难，灾祸；麻烦，困境；惨败
考试频率
高考
考频：近六年出现1次
- n. 灾难; 灾祸
四级
考频：近五年出现1次
- n. 劫难; 灾祸
六级
考频：近五年出现5次
- n. 劫难; 灾祸
例句
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1·From all points of view, war would be a catastrophe.从各个方面来看，战争都会是一场灾难。来源: 《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
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2·Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major catastrophe.提前发出的洪水水位上涨警报防止了又一次的重大灾害。来源: 《牛津词典》
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3·The expulsion of thousands of people represents a humanitarian catastrophe of enormous proportions.驱逐成千上万人意味着人道主义的巨大灾难。来源: 《牛津词典》
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4·Believe it or not, this wasn't the worst catastrophe in our planet's history.信不信由你，这还不是地球历史上最严重的灾难。
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5·Every one feels that a disaster is imminent, as if a catastrophe is about to come.谁都感到大事不好，似乎有什么极大的灾难即将来临。来源: 《新英汉大辞典》
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6·Some geoscientists think that this catastrophe involved a meteor striking the earth.一些地球科学家认为这次灾难与一颗流星撞击地球有关。
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7·What is a catastrophe for one group of living things, however, may create opportunities for another group.然而，对于一种生物种群而言是大灾难的事件，却有可能给另一种生物种群创造机会。
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8·If an impact is large enough, it can disturb the environment of the entire Earth and cause an ecological catastrophe.如果（陨石撞击地球的）力度足够大，相撞会扰乱整个地球的环境，并引发一场生态灾难。
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9·Even an avalanche of light power can be dangerous, but the Peruvian catastrophe was particularly terrible because it was caused by a heavy layer of ice.即使是光能的雪崩也可能是危险的，但秘鲁的灾难尤其可怕，因为它是由厚厚的冰层造成的。
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10·Its heroine is a pregnant young woman who survives the catastrophe only to say later: "Nobody wanted to hear about it, not here in the West (of Germany) and not at all in the East."书中的女主人公是一位在灾难中幸存下来的年轻孕妇，后来她说：“没有人想听这件事，在西德没有人想听，在东德也没有。”
网络释义
- catastrophe theory : [数]突变理论
- catastrophe model : 激变模型
- catastrophe risk : 巨灾风险；特殊风险
同根词
词根：
catastrophe
catastrophic
adj
灾难的；悲惨的
词语辨析
tragedy/adversity/calamity/catastrophe/disaster/misfortune.导航词义：悲剧，灾难
tragedy:n. 悲剧性事件，惨剧.指因有人死亡而令人震惊的不幸事件。
Mother's sudden death was a tragedy to the family.
母亲的突然去世对全家是一个极大的不幸。
The tragedy he mentioned took place in March.
他提到的那一悲惨事件发生在3月。
The tragedy occurred during the earthquake when four people of the same family were killed.
地震中悲剧发生了，一家人中有四个丧命。
adversity:n. 逆境，不幸.指困难重重或不走运的境况。
The others were greatly inspired by his courage in the face of adversity.
他面对逆境的勇气极大地鼓舞了其他人。
He is always ready to deal with adversity.
他时刻准备着去应对逆境。
calamity:n. 灾难，祸患.指意外发生的、造成重大损失的灾祸，语气强于 disaster，侧重于悲痛的心情；有时也指个人的不幸， 多为幽默用语。
It will be a calamity for farmers if it keeps raining.
如果雨一直下个不停，将会给农民带来灾难。
The flood brought calamities to the local people.
洪水给当地民众带来了巨大灾难。
The marriage proved to be the greatest calamity of her life.
事实证明这桩婚姻是她一生中最大的不幸。
It will be a calamity if I fail my English exam.
这次英语考试我要是通不过就惨了。
catastrophe:n. 重大灾难；大祸.语气最强，指造成破坏、死亡的可怕灾难，强调最终的结局；也可指极为麻烦的局面或悲惨的结局。
Food is required immediately to avert a humanitarian catastrophe.
急需食物以避免一场人道主义灾难。
The forest fire was a catastrophe.
那场森林火灾是个大灾难。
The natural catastrophe dealt a heavy blow to this country's economy.
这场自然灾害给该国经济带来了严重的打击。
If the project is cancelled, it will be a catastrophe for all of the companies concerned.
如果该项目取消，对所有相关公司将是个灾难。
disaster:n. 灾难，灾祸.普通用词，通常指各类人为或自然的灾祸，如核泄漏、洪水、暴风雪等。
The plane flew through the clouds in time and a disaster was narrowly averted.
飞机及时地飞过了云层，侥幸避免了一场灾难。
The oil spill was a disaster for sea animals.
那次石油泄漏对海洋动物是一场灾难。
The conference turned out to be a complete disaster.
大会最终搞得一团糟。
They overcame the natural disaster and even had a bumper harvest.
他们战胜了自然灾害，甚至还获得了大丰收。
misfortune:n. 不幸，灾祸.多指较为严重的不幸，强调多由厄运或外界因素所致。
The climbers had the misfortune of running into a snowslide, but no one got hurt.
登山队员不幸遇到雪崩，但没有人受伤。
She is distressed by misfortune.
厄运使她忧伤。
We had the misfortune to run into a violent storm.
我们不幸遭遇了猛烈的暴风雨。
Misfortune befell me when I was still young.
我年纪还很小的时候就遭到了不幸。