1·Historically, regulation of medicine has been left to individual states.
在过去，各州的医药管理一直由各州各自负责。
2·Traditional desktop applications have historically involved significant deployment hurdles.
在过去，部署传统的桌面应用程序需要很大的工作量。
3·Historically, data mining has been a task that could only be accomplished by experts in statistics and data analysis.
在过去，数据挖掘一直是统计和数据分析专家的任务。
4·Historically, this adjustment has tended to raise currencies' valuations against the dollar, so emerging-market currencies tend to look more reasonably priced.
在过去，这种调整往往会令各国货币相对美元估值升高，新兴市场的货币估值因而看起来会更趋于合理。